Definition and Discussion of Writing Portfolios

Definition and Discussion of Writing Portfolios In arrangement contemplates, a composing portfolio is an assortment of understudy writing (in print or electronic structure) that is proposed to exhibit the authors improvement through the span of at least one scholarly terms. Since the 1980s, composing portfolios have become an inexorably well known type of understudy appraisal in sythesis courses instructed in schools and colleges, particularly in the U.S. Models and Observations The reason for a composing portfolio is to exhibit a journalists improvement and accomplishments. Portfolios permit journalists to gather a group of writing in one spot and to sort out and present it in a viable, appealing arrangement, giving the educator a perspective on an understudies composing that centers more around the total assortment of work than on singular assignments. While accumulating singular things (some of the time called relics) to remember for their portfolios, understudies think about their work and measure their advancement; as they do as such, they may improve their capacity to assess their own work.(Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell, The Brief Wadsworth Handbook, seventh ed. Wadsworth, 2012) Procedure Writing Portfolios The procedure composing portfolio is an instructional device that shows the stages and endeavors in the creative cycle. It additionally contains finished, incomplete, deserted, or fruitful work. Procedure composing portfolios commonly contain conceptualizing exercises, grouping, charting, laying out, free composition, drafting, redrafting in light of educator/peer audit, etc. Subsequently, an image of the present status of a people making process is uncovered. The two basic educational components in the process-composing portfolio are understudy reflection and educator inquiry.(Joanne Ingham, Meeting the Challenges of an Undergraduate Engineering Curriculum. Useful Approaches to Using Learning Styles in Higher Education, ed. by Rita Dunn and Shirley A. Griggs. Greenwood, 2000) Intelligent Statements Most educators who appoint portfolios will likewise request that you compose proclamations in which you ponder your composing processwhat you figure you progressed nicely, what despite everything needs improvement, and what you have found out about composition. A few instructors request that understudies compose intelligent explanations or a letter to the educator for every task. Others may request only a finish of-semester explanation ..(Susan Anker, Real Essays With Readings: Writing Projects for College, Work, and Everyday Life, third ed. Bedford/St. Martins, 2009) Criticism With or without rubrics, portfolios are likewise a magnificent vehicle for instructors to give verbal input to understudies. Instructors can give composed input on the portfolio itself, or, particularly for more youthful understudies, they can give oral criticism utilizing the portfolio as the focal point of brief understudy conferences.(Susan M. Brookhart, Portfolio Assessment. 21st Century Education: A Reference Handbook, ed. by Thomas L. Great. Wise, 2008) Portfolio Assessment Portfolios have been viewed as substantial in light of the fact that they measure what they state they will measurestudents capacity to compose and reexamine in an explanatory setting. Be that as it may, pundits question the dependability of portfolio evaluation. Highlighting the occasions a paper can be overhauled, some case it is regularly difficult to decide how skillful the understudy essayist is or how much assistance an understudy has gotten during the modification procedure (Wolcott, 1998, p. 52). Others guarantee there are an excessive number of factors with portfolio evaluation and that portfolios don't hold up alright to factual measures for them to be viewed as a solid appraisal instrument (Wolcott, 1998, p. 1). To address the issues with unwavering quality, a few schools have added a planned article test to the portfolio appraisal. In any case, others accept that the legitimacy of portfolio appraisal exceeds the dependability issues related with it and that portfolio eval uation is the sort of assessment generally steady with the estimations of compositionists. (Julie Neff Lippman, Assessing Writing. Ideas in Composition: Theory and Practice in the Teaching of Writing, ed. by Irene L. Clark. Lawrence Erlbaum, 2003) [O]ne away from of portfolio appraisal is that educators don't need to stamp each composing blunder, since they for the most part score portfolios utilizing comprehensive strategies. Understudies, thus, advantage since they can distinguish the substance and composing abilities they have aced and the zones they have to improve.â ( Vicki Urquhart and Monette McIver, Teaching Writing in the Content Areas. ASCD, 2005)It ought to be called attention to that portfolios don't really carry more prominent precision to evaluation, yet they do advance a more noteworthy consciousness of what great composing may be and how it may be best accomplished. The points of interest lay mainly in that the legitimacy, and worth, of appraisal is expanded in the event that it is arranged in instructing and dependent on a more clear comprehension of writing. (Ken Hyland, Second Language Writing. Cambridge University Press, 2003)

Disneyland Hong Kong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Disneyland Hong Kong - Essay Example It causes the organization to improve its corporate qualities. More noteworthy socialization permits the organization to assess the social and conventional angles and social inclinations of a nation, which encourages the association to improve new administrations that would best suit the flavor of the objective purchasers (Flamholtz and Randle, 2011). Disney on global discussion The paper investigates the procedure wherein the organization has taken care of the social contrasts experienced by Disney in its course of venture into the oriental world. Disney is a notorious image of diversion amalgamating the western and the eastern culture through a profoundly creative and client arranged business technique. The American social experience has been reproduced in the Asian nations, and has gotten a disputable just as tremendously beneficial model in Japan and Hong Kong. In spite of the fact that the organization had not confronted extraordinary accomplishment on opening the primary amusem ent park in Europe, in 1992, in the capital city of France, by 2003, Disneyland Paris had increased enough consideration and has become a flourishing business joint for the organization (Aaker and Mcloughlin, 2010; Porter and Prince, 2007). All the more as of late, The Walt Disney Company is showing a drive to open another amusement park in India. The highlights of the Indian market are various which requires a nitty gritty examination on the triumphs and hardships looked by the organization in its past endeavors. Organization foundation The Disneyland Park is an amusement park initially situated in America and typifying and speaking to the American culture. The organization had made an unassuming start in 1923 with the Disney siblings, Walter Elias Disney and Roy Disney, beginning the... It is available in various nations and is evaluated as probably the best component in the worldwide media outlet. Since 1955, The Walt Disney Company has set up various amusement stops in the USA, France and in the Asian nations. All during these time the organization has confronted different obstacles and has made progress by method of altering with the current social foundation of the host nations and has made various adjustments in its own corporate culture. Disney can possibly convey such encounters that can venture out in front of the joy of watching kid's shows. It targets giving its guests an encounter that is liberated from the issue of the world outside the Disneyland. The organization can make it conceivable because of its gigantic image power and unparalleled adaptability in the model of corporate culture that it follows. The parks have made an utilization culture that praises the white collar class ideals. This would assist the recreation center with finding a blasting business sector in the Indian sub-landmass. Since India is a creating nation, this procedure of business improvement would be helpful for its development in India. Furthermore, India is a nation with different land foundations, conventions and religions. Disney uses different systems to make advancements of its administrations pointing the objective gatherings and to structure the subject of the restricted amusement stops in this nation. A huge disparity can be fo und between the way of life in the East and the West. This is the underlying driver behind the assorted variety is the mindset of the vacationers visiting the amusement parks. Additionally, the social components present in these parks are diverse which may influence the reaction of the clients.

Mannings Arm Wrestling With My Father and Vowells Shooting Dad Essay

Mannings Arm Wrestling With My Father and Vowells Shooting Dad - Essay Example His dad was into firearms while Vowell was into music and workmanship. Both Vowell and Manning had communicated separation and partition from their dad which is normal for an age hole. The child and the little girl anyway started to comprehend their dads when they developed. In Manning’s case, the child comprehended why the dad was so incredulous of his presentation, it was on the grounds that he is pushing him to be as well as can be expected be. In Vowell’s case, the girl saw that she is so indistinguishable to her dad that â€Å"We’re both brilliant alecky recluses with ridiculous undertakings and abnormal equipment.† Differences in conclusion, taste and inclination are natual between a parent and a youngster. They might be hereditarily practically comparative however they are as yet extraordinary individual. They experienced childhood in various age and being such, their points of view in life general can be unique. These distinctions anyway doesn't ne ed to heighten to a degree of contention whereby the youngster will feel far off and estranged to the dad. This normally happens when the dad over-force himself and when there are unhealed feelings of spite in the youngster. I have by and by perceived how unhealed feelings of resentment can demolish a dad kid relationship in a portion of my companions. I am simply fortunate in light of the fact that my dad is extremely strong, understanding and adoring that regardless of whether we have contrasts because of our age hole, they were insignificant and we even child ourselves about it. My dad stoops my sort of music as noisy while I bother him back that his kind of music as old and hauling. He might be mocking on occasion when he helps me to remember my needs yet I comprehend it to be his method for getting in to me so I won't get wayward with my life. I realize he cherishes me since I felt it and he doesn't spare a moment to demonstrate it to me. I additionally have a significant regar d for my dad for the sort of man he is. I am grateful on the grounds that I know cap a portion of my companions are not that fortunate with their folks. I have this dear companion who has an oppressive dad. His dad doesn't reprove him out of the expectation of remedying his ways or improve him yet just to reprimand him and cause him to feel awful. I know since I saw it when I visited him in their home. I don't have the foggiest idea why and the main intelligent thing I can consider for what reason does it is a direct result of his liquor and medication issue. Thus, my companion answers back to his dad in an insolent way and the trading of words between are not lovely and unfit to be written in this paper. Do the trick to state that they were unforgiving and some were even disgusting. This clarifies why my companion seldom remains in their home and is continually spending time with his companions and irate with the world. My companion likewise gets in a difficult situation every now and again maybe because of the repressed annoyance he has with his dad. I am very much aware that kids ought to be deferential of their dad. However, fathers ought to likewise endeavor to get decent and truly be a dad to their kids. They should patch their ways with the goal that they will have the ethical authority to encourage their kids to be live upstanding. On account of my friend’s father, the dad can't do anything when my companion answers back to his dad that before encouraging him to fix his life, to fix his life first. That is entirely cruel however it is very evident. Likewise, when giving censures, fathers ought to be benevolent when they reprove their kid with the goal that it won't make separation and age hole. This typically occurs

The Convention on the Law of the Sea - Free Essay Example

Introduction ITLOS Description How and why was it formed? Rules Members Functions Dispute process ITLOS 1st Dispute Description Parties Involved Legal Principles and Issues Involved Outcome ITLOS 2nd Dispute Description Parties Involved Legal Principles and Issues Involved Outcome ICJ ICJ 1st dispute Description Parties involved Legal principles and issues involved Outcome ICJ 2nd dispute Description Parties involved Legal principles and issues involved Outcome References Introduction On 16th November 1994 the convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) came into force, it was establish in 1982. The purpose of this convention is to provide nations with four methods to resolve maritime disputes, two of these methods were (1) submit the dispute to the international Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) and (2) the adjudication of the dispute by the international court of justice, (ICJ). ITLOS Description The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea is an independent judicial body established by the United NationsConvention on the Law of the Sea to adjudicate disputes arising out of the interpretation and application of the Convention. How and why was it formed? The Tribunal came into existence following the entry into force of the Convention on 16November 1994. After the election of the first judges on 1 August 1996, the Tribunal took up its work in Hamburg on 1 October 1996. The official inauguration of the Tribunal was held on 18 October 1996. The Tribunal was established as a specialized tribunal to deal with disputes arising out of the interpretation and application of the Convention https://www.itlos.org/general-information/ Rules Membership 1. No two members of the Tribunal may be nationals of the same State. Aperson who for the purposes of membership in the Tribunal could be regarded as a national of more than one State shall be deemed to be a national of the one in which he ordinarily exercises civil and political rights. 2. There shall be no fewer than three members from each geographical group as established by the General Assembly of the United Nations. https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/closindx.htm Section 1 Article 2 Members The Tribunal is composed of 21 independent members elected by secret ballot by the States Parties to the Convention. Each State Party may nominate up to two candidates from among persons enjoying the highest reputation for fairness and integrity and of recognized competence in the field of the law of the sea. No two members may be nationals of the same State and in the Tribunal as a whole it is necessary to assure the representation of the principal legal systems of the world and equitable geographical distribution; there shall be no fewer than three members from each geographical group as established by the General Assembly of the United Nations (African States, Asian States, Eastern European States, Latin American and Caribbean States and Western European and Other States). Members are elected for nine years and may be re-elected; the terms of one third of the members expire every three years. Functions The seabed disputes chamber is competent to give advisory opinions on legal questions arising within the scope of the activities of the international seabed authority, the tribunal might may also give advisory opinions in certain cases under international agreements related to the purposes of the convention. Disputes before the tribunal are instituted by either written application or by notification of a special agreement. Dispute process Rules of steps to solve a dispute ITLOS 1st Dispute https://www.itlos.org/en/cases/list-of-cases/case-no-8/ Description On 21 March 2001 an application was filed on behalf of Belize against France for the prompt release of the fishing vessel Grand Prince under article 292 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The case was named the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Grand Princeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Case and entered in the List of cases as case no. 8. (Republic of France v. Belize, 2001) Parties Involved RÃÆ' ©publique franÃÆ' §aise VS Belize (Republic of France v. Belize, 2001) Legal Principles and Issues Involved The procedure provided for under article 292 has as its sole purpose to ensure the prompt release of a vessel upon the posting of a reasonable bond, pending the completion of judicial proceedings brought against the captain or owner of the vessel before the jurisdictions of the detaining State. Thus, when the internal judicial procedures have reached their conclusion and, in particular, when they have led to the pronouncement of a sentence of confiscation of the vessel, any possible resort to the article 292 procedure loses its reason for being. In such a case, the application for prompt release is moot (dÃÆ' ©purvue dobjet). As from the time when a national court has pronounced confiscation of the vessel as the applicable sanction, the introduction of a prompt release proceeding before the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea is not only no longer possible but indeed is not even conceivable. As part of a proceeding of this kind, the Tribunal decides as to the reason ableness of the bond required to order the release of the vessel. This presupposes, firstly, that simple provisional measures of an interlocutory (conservatoire) kind have been taken with respect to the vessel, and, secondly, that those measures can be revoked (rapportÃÆ' ©) or stayed in exchange for a guarantee of enforcement of possible debts to the State by the owner of the vessel. But a confiscation declared by a national court as a principal or secondary penalty has as its effect authoritatively and definitively to transfer to the State the property confiscated. The owner of the vessel loses his title by virtue of the judicial decision and, if he seeks to recover his rights in the property, the remedies open to him can no longer be pursued within a proceeding for prompt release, since he can no longer be considered as the holder of title (titulaire dun droit de propriÃÆ' ©tÃÆ' ©) to the vessel. The vessel Grand Prince was found in violation in the French Exclusive Economic Zone, was boarded and detained on 26 December 2000, and was escorted to the island of Reunion, where it arrived on 9 January 2001. The Director of Maritime Affairs of Reunion declared the provisional impoundment of the vessel, which was confirmed on 12 January by an Order of the Tribunal dInstance of Saint Paul which, furthermore, fixed the amount of the bond to be paid to permit release from impoundment. Moreover, on 11 January, the Deputy Prosecutor of the Republic before the Tribunal de Grande Instance of Saint Denis drew up an arraignment (procÃÆ' ¨s-verbal dinterpellation) against the captain of the vessel and, considering that in this case the introduction of an investigative proceeding (instruction) was not necessary, decided directly to summon the accused to appear at a hearing of the criminal court on 23 January, pursuant to articles 393 et seq. of the Code of Penal Procedure. (ANNEX I) The judgment of the criminal court, handed down the same day (ANNEX II) pr onounced the confiscation of the vessel Grand Prince with immediate execution notwithstanding appeal, pursuant to article 131-6-10 of the Penal Code and article 471, final paragraph, of the Code of Penal Procedure (ANNEX III). Further, the captain was sentenced to a fine and damages. Outcome Whereas, pursuant to article 292 of the Convention, the Tribunal shall deal with the Application without delay, Whereas, pursuant to article 112, paragraph 3, of the Rules of the Tribunal, the Tribunal, or the President if the Tribunal is not sitting, shall fix the earliest possible date, within a period of 15 days commencing with the first working day following the date on which the application is received, for a hearing. THE PRESIDENT Fixes 5 and 6 April 2001 as the dates for the hearing; Reserves the subsequent procedure for further decision. THE TRIBUNAL, By 12 votes to 9, Finds that the Tribunal has no jurisdiction under article 292 of the Convention to entertain the Application; ITLOS 2nd Dispute https://www.itlos.org/en/cases/list-of-cases/case-no-15/ Description This case is made in respect of the Tomimaru, a Japanese fishing vessel detained in the Russian exclusive economic zone (hereinafter à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“EEZà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ) by the authorities of the respondent since 2 November 2006 and currently detained in the Russian port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii. The Tomimaru is a fishing vessel owned and operated by Kanai Gyogyo Co., a Japanese company registered at 6-3-25, Kushiro city, Hokkaido, Japan. The Tomimaru was flying the Japanese flag at the time of detention and retains Japanese nationality at the time of filing of this application. It is registered at Kushiro city, Hokkaido, Japan. The Tomimaru is a vessel of 279 tons. It has cargo capacity of 263.3 cubic meters for freezer and 580.6 cubic meters for cold storage and fish tank. The estimated value of the vessel and its equipment is 92,894,507 Yen. Documents that evidence the ownership and specifications of the Tomimaru and support the estimate of value are attached. The Tomimaru ha d 14 Japanese crew members including its Master and 7 Indonesian crew members. The Master and all other members of the crew have now left Russia. There are two sets of proceedings that have been instituted against the Master and the owner of the Tomimaru before the domestic courts of the Respondent: (a) criminal proceedings against the Master, in respect of which a bond of 8,800,000 rubles (approximately US$ 343,000) was set on 12 December 2006; (b) administrative proceedings against the owner of the Tomimaru, in respect of which no bond has been fixed. The Tomimaru was licensed by the respondent to fight in the Respondentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s EEZ during the period between 1 October and 31 December 2006. Pursuant to that license, the Tomimaru was fishing in the respondents EEZ in the western Bering Sea with the Respondents permission. On 31 October 2006 the Tomimaru was en route from tis licensed fishing area to the port of Kushiro in Japan, when it was boarded by officials from the R espondents patrol boat No.160. According to the Master of the Tomimaru, the boarding occurred at 18:20 (Japan standard time) on 31 October 2006 and was carried out by three officials belonging to the respondent. According to the Master of the Tomimaru, the place of boarding was 52-16N 160-52E the exact coordinates, within the Respondentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s EEZ. The Tomimaru was ordered to sail to the port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii, where the vessel and the crew were detained. During the voyage to that port, and official of the Respondent on board the Tomimaru indicated that the actual amount of fish being carried by the Tomimaru appeared to differ from the amount recorded in its logbook and that the difference was about five tons. On November 2006 a Note Verbal No. 018-3 2006 was issued by the representative of the ministry of Foreign Affair of the Russian Federation in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii. It stated that: A criminal case had been instituted against the Master of the Tomimaru on 8 November 2006; The Tomimaru had permission to engage in fishing in the Russian EEZ for up to 1,163 of Pollack and 18t of herring during the period from 1 October to 31 December 2006; Upon inspection on 8 November 2006, more than 20t of walleye Pollack that was not listed on the logbook was found on board the Tomimaruà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ More than 19.5t of halibut, 3.2t of ray, 4.9t cod, and more than 3t of other fish, with a total value in excess of 8,500,000 rubles ( Approximately US$ 330,000) were found on board the Tomimaru. https://www.itlos.org/fileadmin/itlos/documents/cases/case_no_15/application_japan_eng.1.pdf Parties Involved Legal Principles and Issues Involved In respect of the Master of the vessel criminal proceedings were instituted on 8 November 2006 concerning the alleged crime stipulated by Article 253 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (exploitation without due permission of the natural resources in the Russian EEZ). The vessel was declared material evidence in accordance with the Article 82 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. On 23 November 2006 the Master of the vessel was accused of violation of part 2 of Article 253 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. On the same day he was asked to sign a written undertaking not to leave the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii and to behave properly. By the verdict of the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii court of 15 Mary 2007 the Master of the vessel was found guilty for having committed crimes under paragraph 2 Article 253 and paragraph 2 Article 201 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. He paid the fine in the amount of 500,000 robles, impose d by the verdict, but not damages awarded and were allowed to leave Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski for Japan on 30 May 2007. https://www.itlos.org/fileadmin/itlos/documents/cases/case_no_15/response_russ_fed_eng.1.pdf Outcome https://www.itlos.org/fileadmin/itlos/documents/basic_texts/Itlos_8_E_17_03_09.pdf https://www.itlos.org/fileadmin/itlos/documents/cases/case_no_5/Judgment.07.02.00.E.pdf https://www.itlos.org/fileadmin/itlos/documents/cases/case_no_5/Dissenting.Anderson.E.pdf https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/closindx.htm ICJ ICJ 1st dispute Description On behalf of the Government of Australia and pursuant to Article 36, paragraphs 1 and 2, and Article 40 of the Statute of the Court and Article 38 of the Rules of Court, I have the honor to submit to the Court the present Application instituting proceedings against the Government of Japan. The present Application concerns Japanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s continued pursuit of a large-scale program of whaling under the Second Phase of its Japanese Whale Research Pro-gram under Special Permit in the Antarctic (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“JARPAIIà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ), in breach of obligations assumed by Japan under the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ICRWà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ), as well as its other international obligations for the preservation of marine mammals and the marine environment. Australia has consistently opposed Japanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s JARPA II program, both through individual protests and demarches and through relevant international forums, including the Internat ional Whaling Commission (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“IWCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ). The Court has jurisdiction over the present dispute in accordance with the provisions of Article 36, paragraph 2, of its Statute, by virtue of the operation of the declarations of acceptance made respectively by Australia, dated 22 March 2002, and by Japan, dated 9 July 2007. Parties involved (Australia v. Japan: New Zealand intervening) Legal principles and issues involved Commercial whaling, whether by pelagic operations or from land stations, is prohibited in a region designated as the Southern Ocean Sanctuary. This Sanctuary comprises the waters of the Southern Hemisphere southwards of the following line: starting from 40 degrees S, 50 degrees W ; thence due east to 20 degrees E ; thence due south to 55 degrees S ; thence due east to 130 degrees E ; thence due north to 40 degrees S ; thence due east to 130 degrees W ; thence due south to 60 degrees S ; thence due east to 50 degrees W ; thence due north to the point of beginning. This prohibition applies irrespective of the conservation status of baleen and toothed whale stocks in this Sanctuary, as may from time to time be determined by the Com-mission. As they have been classified as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“endangeredà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (at a very high risk of extinction) by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), of the three species targeted by JARPAII, this is the one about which th e least is known, but it is probable that they are still severely depleted relative to the pre-1904 population. There are limited indications of some recovery in population numbers in the Southern Hemisphere but no agreed population estimate exists. Also, the population structure of the Southern Hemisphere fin whales remains unknown. Accordingly, there is risk of the depletion of small stocks. Outcome ICJ 2nd dispute Description Parties involved Legal principles and issues involved Outcome References Republic of France v. Belize, ITLOS Case 8 Page 3 (2001) Republic of France v. Belize, ITLOS Case 8 Page 4 (2001)

Great Expectations Symbolism Essay - 809 Words

The names of the characters in the story Great Expectations symbolize who they are and how they act. In Great Expectations there is a great deal of symbolism throughout the book as there is in life. There are symbols of isolation, manipulation, and wanting to be something else. These are all seen in the book through the characters of Estella, Abel Magwitch, Miss Havisham, Pip, and Biddy. Estella symbolizes isolation and manipulates men to break their hearts. Her name means â€Å"star† and she is bright and beautiful like a star, however she is distant and cold like one too. Like a start, men love to gaze upon her, but can not touch her. In the story Estella tells pip that she has no heart, no sympathy, and no sentiment. (chapter 29) Estella†¦show more content†¦Throughout the book Pip was not happy with his life and wanted to become something more; his name meant â€Å"seed†, like a seed Pip was â€Å"planted† and the reader watches him grow. Estella tol d Pip that he was just a common-labouring boy. (chapter 8) Pip had never thought as himself as common, but now he wanted to become a gentleman so that he would be worthy of Estella. However once Pip becomes a gentleman he realizes that it is not what he thought it would be. Consequently he starts to neglect Joe and Biddy, however in the end, Pip starts to change back to the person he used to be and tries to repair his relationship with Joe and Biddy. In addition he gives his money to Herbert so that he can go to merchant school and Herbert ends up giving Pip a job in the end. This shows that you gain from giving, if Pip would not have gave Herbert the money he would not have gotten the job offer. Biddy is the voice of Pips conscience and encourages Pip to become a better man all through the story. Biddy’s name suggests â€Å"biddable† someone who does what she is asked, so when she was asked to come stay with Pip and Joe as a result of Mrs. Joe’s attacking,she did. 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Essay about Accounting Software Installation Project

The Accounting Software Installation Project (from Larson, E.E., and Gray, C.F., 2011 Project Management – the managerial process, fifth edition p441) Sitting in her office, Karin Chung is reviewing the past four months of the large corporate accounting software installation project she has been managing. Everything seemed so well planned before the project started. Each company division had a task force that provided input into the proposed installation along with potential problems. All the different divisions had been trained and briefed on exactly how their division would interface and use the forthcoming accounting software. All six contractors, which included one of the Big Five consulting companies, assisted in developing the work†¦show more content†¦While concerned, Karin considered these problems typical of the kind she had encountered on other smaller software projects. Case FOUR MONTHS LATER The project seemed to be falling apart. 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Glass managere Essay Example For Students

Glass managere Essay A Dysfunctional Family Families are supposed to be there for each other and what have you. The families of today are more or less normal, but in the book The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams the Wingfield family is very dysfunctional. What makes this family dysfunctional are the members of it, such as Amanda, Tom, and Laura. Amanda was a very talkative mother. Amanda Wingfield was how the book called her, A little woman of great but confused vitality clinging frantically to another time and place. (p. 5). This is very true on top of that Amanda was loquacious and always bragging about how many gentleman callers she had. By doing this Amanda made her daughter Laura feel bad. An example of such is One Sunday afternoon in Blue Mountain- your mother received seventeen gentleman callers! Why, sometimes there werent chairs enough to accommodate them all. ( i, p. 26). Tom on the other hand took care of his family. Tom Wingfield was the man of the house because his father had fallen in love with long distance and he was caring for the girls. When Amanda gets in the way or tries to make things even more difficult for Tom he decides to go out to the movies or rather drinking. Tom finally flipped at Amanda one day and told her how he felt about her and the warehouse. He said, You think Im in love with the Continental Shoemakers? You think I want to spend fifty-five years down there in that celotex interior! With fluorescent tubes! Look! Id rather somebody picked up a crowbar and battered out my brains than go back mornings! I go! Every time you come in yelling that Goddamn Rise and Shine! Rise and Shine! I say to myself How lucky dead people are! But I get up. I go! ( iii, p. 41). Laura cant really handle all that much. Laura Wingfield is Amandas daughter. She is a very shy girl who does not take a well to meeting new people. Lauras problem is she has A childhood illness that has left her crippled, one leg slightly shorter than the other, and held in a brace. (p. 5). Laura was attending Rubicams Business College. Her mother had went to the business college to see how Laura was doing and to her surprise the teacher had told Amanda, Laura was not attending anymore. She told her mother she had gotten sick in front of all her classmates and couldnt go back so shes been All sorts of places mostly in the park. ( ii, p. 32). The Wingfield family just doesnt seem normal. In conclusion, the Wingfield family is very dysfunctional in many ways. Each person in that family makes it that way too. Amanda still living in the past, Tom always going to the movies, and Laura being crippled and shy. Some things can be dealt with and some things cant. Everyone has their problems and the Wingfields are just more open about it.

The Great Gatsby - Male And Female Interactions Essays -

The Great Gatsby - Male and Female Interactions Through the interactions between male and female characters, Fitzgerald depicts a variety of social expectations regarding "typical" male behavior in the 1920's. In the novel The Great Gatsby, characters such as Tom Buchanan, Jay Gatsby, George Wilson and Nick Carraway demonstrate behavior that acts to maintain and live up to expectations inherent in society. Through their controlling ways, these characters strive to define the "typical" man in the 1920's. The notion that a man's success can be measured by his possessions becomes evident through the actions of Tom, Gatsby and Wilson. These characters strive to obtain more than just material possessions. For example, Tom seems to view the women in his life as mere possessions, a sign of his success and wealth. His attitude and interactions with Daisy, his wife, and Myrtle, his mistress, demonstrate this. Through out the story, Tom does not show respect or genuine caring for either woman. Rather, he commits open adultery with Myrtle. Tom makes this affair public because it is just another way of showing-off, another of his possessions and thus boosting his ego. Tom does this without regard for the shame his affairs may bring onto his wife. Daisy comes to represent a treasured and sought possession for both Tom and Gatsby. Although on the surface it appears that Gatsby has an ever-lasting love for Daisy, I feel that his longing for Daisy stems from his need to recapture a possession which he lost during his youth. Nick comments "He talked a lot about the past and I gathered that he wanted to recover something, some idea of himself perhaps, that had gone into loving Daisy" (117). Furthermore by possessing Daisy's love, Gatsby can reject defeat and feel successful as a man. In the novel, Gatsby goes as far as to view the green light as a symbolic way of holding onto his possession and keeping Daisy in some way close to him. After obtaining his dream of being reunited with Daisy, the green light begins to lose its symbolic strength. "Now it was again a green light on a dock. His count of enchanted objects had diminished by one" (98). Now that the realization of his dream has begun, Gatsby needs to feel a greater sense of possession or control over Daisy. He may feel the need to obtain another enchanted object to replace the loss of the symbolic meaning of the light. Now the only enchanted object which he is left to obtain is Daisy's complete and everlasting. Likewise, Tom refuses to forfeit Daisy to another man or even believe that she could love another. Tom states "But all the rest is a God damnened lie. Daisy loved me when she married me and she loves me now." (138). If Tom were to give up Daisy to another man, this would surely be a sign of defeat and failure like losing a football or polo trophy. Instead of admitting defeat, Tom rationalizes Daisy's behavior by demeaning her will. For example, he states "The trouble is that sometimes she gets foolish ideas in her head and doesn't know what she's doing" (138). Another social expectation of "typical" male behavior in the 1920's depicted in The Great Gatsby is the notion that a "real" man should be in control of the woman in his life at all times. This notion is exemplified through the struggling relationship between George and Myrtle Wilson. Although Fitzgerald describes George as "one of these worn-out men...He was his wife's man and not his own." (144), a need for control takes over George when he discovers his wife had "some sort of life apart from him in another world." (131) with perhaps another man. To gain control over this situation and thus live up to the social expectation, George takes drastic measures. He states "I've got my wife locked up in there. She's going to stay up there till the day after tomorrow and then we 're going to move away." (143). Through his actions, George forces his will on his wife and strives to maintain control over his possession, his wife. In addition, Tom demonstrates control over Myrtle when the issue of whether she has the right to

The Book Hookup Makes Finding Your Next Book Easy

The Book Hookup Makes Finding Your Next Book Easy Books are magical things - they transport us to different countries, different worlds, and introduce us to characters who feel more like friends or family by the end of the stories that they tell.But out of the millions of novels out there, how do we know what books require our immediate attention? Who are some authors we should be paying attention to? Who are some new authors on the scene we should know about?One great site we love on the book blogosphere is called The Book Hookup. The Book Hookup was started in 2011 by three book enthusiasts: Celeste, Ana, and Christina. These three book lovers may be spread out all over the country, but their unabashed love of books brings them together for one common goal - to discuss their favorite books, authors, and, of course, their swoony book boyfriends.The Book Hookup has created quite the following with fans all over the world and has been recognized for their book blogging efforts. They were even voted one of the Best Book Blogs of 201 7 by Reedsy and claimed the #4 spot (out of 1,000 blogs) in the Best Book Blog of 2017 by the Writer Awards.Lets learn a little bit more about these three book lovers and what they offer on their beloved book blog.The Book Hookup bloggersThe three original bloggers, Celeste, Ana, and Christina, are all book-obsessed, but they bring their own spin on each review they write and every interview they conduct with authors.Celeste lives on the South Shore of Massachusetts and is a huge fan of New Adult books as well as suspense/mystery titles. She would describe her favorite kind of books as a combination of romance and angst.One common theme with all my books is that I love the sad or dark and gritty. Then weave in romance, especially one with lots of angst and youve got me hooked. Nothing like a fabulous swoon well worth waiting for,CelesteAna has a mission to get all of her family and friends (and readers) to love books as much as she does - but that might be a tall task considering t hat she considers herself quite the bookworm with a vivid imagination. Though she says she loves all books, she is quite the sucker for a fairytale setting.My favorite leading men are just a little bit cocky and my leading ladies, sassy! Be forewarned that I do have a tendency to fall in love with characters if theyre vivid enough and may even sometimes talk about them as if theyre real!AnaChristina is a Southern girl from northern Mississippi who loves to bury her nose in a novel while on her porch swing, and who knows a thing or two about books (and who isnt shy about her love for YA novels).I love YA thats geared more toward adult than young. Im obnoxiously mildly obsessed with fantasy (because where else will you find total badass teenage girls?) and strangely adore contemporary romances that make me sob loudly into my pillow (because how fun is that!? #AngstH00r),ChristinaWhat types of books do they review?Under their Review Policy page, The Book Hookup bloggers give full discl osure that while they dont consider themselves professional reviewers, they do champion themselves as book bloggers who want to share their love of great books with other fellow readers.So what kinds of books does The Book Hookup review? On their website they list several genres that they prefer to review, including:ParanormalUrban FantasyDark FantasyRomanceContemporary FictionHistorical RomanceYoung AdultNew AdultIn those categories, they have quite a few subgenres, including:AngelsAngstAwesome HeroinesBad BoysBoys with Naughty MouthsBrooding Bad BoyComing of AgeDark and GrittyDetectives/Cops/People in UniformDystopianFaeGothicHeart WrenchingHoly Angst BatmanIndieLove TriangleManwhoreMilitaryMindf*ckeryMusic Inspired ReadsOrganized CrimePost-Apocalyptic/ApocalypticRetellingSportsSteampunkSecond Chance RomanceThere are, however, a few types of books they dont prefer to review on their website, which include:NonfictionScience FictionEroticaAutobiographies/Biographies/MemoirsTitles wi th religious undertonesMiddle grade fictionNovellas/Short StoriesChances are, if youre a book lover, youre bound to find a review of some of your favorite books on the website (and maybe discover a few that youve never heard of!).How do they review books?The Book Hookup has a system of reviewing in which they label each book a top shelf, second shelf, third shelf, bottom shelf, or recycle bin.Top Shelf books are what they call literary crack and are worthy of being read again and again (and also recommending it to everyone they know). Second Shelf books are great, worthy of recommendations to others, and would definitely be missed if borrowed for a little too long. Third Shelf books are books that the reviewers would definitely be willing to let you borrow because they enjoyed it, but arent in too much of a hurry to get it back. Bottom Shelf books are definitely not great reads- theyd let you borrow them without the expectation of getting it back. Finally, Recycle Bin books are the bottom of the totem pole as far as reads go; theres just no need to fit these kinds of books on a crowded bookshelf.Who are some of their favorite authors?The Book Hookup ladies have reviewed dozens and dozens of books, from Rainbow Rowells 2013 runaway hit Eleanor Park to Veronica Roths smash Divergent series and many Indie titles in between. But who are some of their favorite authors?Over the years, The Book Hookup has glowingly reviewed several of the following authors novels:Jennifer L. ArementroutAmy A. BartolSarina BowenChris CannonChelsea M. CameronChelsea FineJen FrederickColleen HooverHeather LyonsSarah J. MaasRichelle MeadRachel MorganGinger ScottJessica SorrensenRaine ThomasK.A. TuckerBrighton WalshRebecca YarrosThese authors may write in a variety of styles and genres, but the main thing they seem to have in common is that they all have a story of a terrific relationship - either a budding romance or a friendship- thats highlighted and that captures the attention of Th e Book Hookup reviewers.In addition to writing reviews, The Book Hookup also has podcasts and interviews with authors, which are entertaining to read and are an added layer of participation when youre a fan of theirs.Can The Book Hookup review my novel which I wrote?Are you a budding novelist who has finally finished his or her first novel and published it on Kindle? Or are you a seasoned veteran who is looking to get press for a new book? You may be wondering if you can get your novel reviewed on The Book Hookup.Although The Book Hookup does accept submissions from authors, they are only accepting a limited number of books for review. They will accept e-books, galleys, ARC copies, and hard copies in either paperback or hardcover for review, but only if its a completed novel.When you submit your title to the Book Hookup, be sure to include what genre it is, the synopsis, as well as a link to your website, Goodreads, Amazon or Barnes and Noble page. They also note that the more infor mation you send them, the more likely it is that theyll consider your book for review. The Book Hookup bloggers will not spoil any secrets about your plot to readers, but they will deliver an honest review of the story.Why you should be a fan of The Book HookupIts simple: book lovers, when looking for recommendations, should look to other book lovers. Its clear that these three book bloggers are passionate and precise about what books they choose to review, and also serious about the recommendations they give to their thousands of fans.The reviewers are honest, candid, and blunt when they need to be, but theyre also glowing, appreciative, and genuinely excited to be talking about books. The Book Hookups review style is positive and feels like youre having a chat with a friend over coffee about what shes been reading lately. After reading several reviews, you get a feel of Celeste, Ana, and Christinas personalities - which are bold, friendly, and, yes, a little bit nerdy (but in the absolute best way possible).Although they make it perfectly clear that theyre not professional reviewers, their recommendations and reviews are clearly knowledgeable and its obvious that all three of them have a deep love and appreciation for books. Often when you read reviews of books they can tend to come off as elitist and unapproachable, but The Book Hookup is simply a space for those who love to read and who want to geek out over it together. What better way to celebrate fun novels, exciting plot twists, and swoon-worthy leading male characters than that?

Association of Phoenix Employees Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Association of Phoenix Employees - Assignment Example Association of Phoenix Employees The study was conducted by HREG from January to June 2011 with the permission of Phoenix Textile Co. (PTC) to enhance and improve the recording and tracking of attendance of employees, payment system and processing of salaries of employees. The study includes both software and system enhancement so that manpower time can be saved for the Human Resources, Accounting Department and the employees and workers that queue the Cashier/Disbursing Section (under the Accounting Department) to get their salaries. We are encouraging the management to act upon the recommendations submitted by HREG since implementation of the changes would bolster the morale and production of the employees and workers in the company. Modification in the system would save time both for the management and employees. Phoenix Textile Co. (PTC) has a 500 strong-workforce who work on two shifts daily, seven days a week, and twelve months a year. Production demand fluctuates depending on the orders and season of the year. But production has never dropped to the point of making a number of employees go on forced vacation due to low demand. Thus, the company remains competitive in the local and global market. With the continuous work in PTC, attendance and absences recording and tracking pose a problem to the management. Paying the salaries of employees entail time for both the Disbursing Section and the employees. The long queue just to receive one’s salary produces annoyance since at times, the employees themselves become disorderly.

Cultural Differences Can Be Difficult To Manage, Even if Anticipated Essay

Cultural Differences Can Be Difficult To Manage, Even if Anticipated - Essay Example Resource management, specifically, human resource (HR) management, can encompass a multitude of different tasks, depending on the needs of the company. International human resource management (IHRM) is usually a little more complex than resource management, as it deals with many different issues from taxation, government, culture, money, workplace values to customs and other such problems specifically geared to happen more within the framework of an international business climate than a domestic business climate. This means that a myriad of cultures, as they relate to international human resource management, are bound to either clash or conjoin. ... As P. Dowling states, "Once-safe markets are now fierce battlegrounds where firms aggressively fight for market share against foreignand domestic competitors." (Dowling,et al 1999.) In summary, according to the book, IHRM, (International Human Resource Management by Dowling, et al 1999), with current 21st century trends in place, a continued globalization effort in regard to the international marketplace is expected to keep growing to accommodate the diverse international marketplace. The Evolving Global Marketplace The 21st century international globalization effort is forcing IHR management to observe, familiarize themselves with, and provide custom solutions for similar upcoming issues for their own market sector. As this process matures over the next few decades, these companies will face many similar issues that other cross culture businesses have faced within their own corporate market. What used to be called 'communication and assertiveness' within the static bounded corporation has to now adjust to, and create clear communication across integrated supply chains, and a multinational work force, all of which can be working simultaneously on the same project. Successfully managing IHRM will give companies a strategic advantage. Companies who do not master this dynamic new facet of the global marketplace can, and will likely suffer equally dismal failure. For example, the world watched in awe, and then in disdain just a few years ago as the US space agency NASA attempted to land an explorato ry probe on the surface of mars. The multibillion dollar spacecraft crashed to the surface on Dec 3, 1999, and although NASA was slow to release details, information finally

The Idea of the American Dream Essay Example for Free

The Idea of the American Dream Essay What is the American Dream? Is it even attainable for the average citizen? Everyone has their own opinions on how they view the American dream. It can be different for almost everyone when you take into consideration their gender, age, nationality, and the transition of this idea between each generation. Can we obtain this dream by having a big house, luxury items, a non dysfunctional family, and the perfect job one would never complain about? Or is it simply what our nation is told by authorities such as parent figures and the media? Most people would consider this fantasy as the perfect life which, most comprehend as going to college, getting a good job, making a family, and having more money than needed. This idea of the so called perfect life is thought of as the universal dream for Americans. This dream is thought of as the pursuit of happiness, but this idea is no longer a selfless goal. Instead, the pursuit of happiness has transitioned into a self-serving fantasy for most Americans. This transition of the American dream has caused most people in this nation to lose focus on what is really important in our lives and brainwashed us to believe the allusion that possessing material items will bring us happiness. Many immigrants who reside in America have the idea that the American dream is escaping poverty and simply living a better life, while other immigrants and main stream American society view America as a place of opportunity to become more successful financially. The idea of the American dream and the pursuit of happiness may be universal for mature Americans, but completely different for other types of people according to their age, gender, nationality, and historic generation. People who were the supporters of their families over 50 years ago had only one idea of happiness, and that idea was a goal to make sure their was food on the table and a roof over their heads. That simple dream no longer exists in the majority of America. Now the type of happiness is different between age and gender. People of different ages have different desires. As people get older their needs are not as materialistic to a degree, but more focused on what makes them comfortable. When they mature they realize that materialistic items are a waste of money and focus more on how they should spend their money more wisely on things that could actually benefit their needs such as health care. Their happiness comes from feeling secure and comfortable. Although a child may not realize what the American dream is, they live it. They focus on what new toys they are going to get whereas adults focus more on their career. Men and women also view the American dream differently. For many men it’s more about ego, having the â€Å"macho† image, and driving the hot car. Men want to have a certain image that every other man would desire to have. . On the other hand, many women who have children are more focused on how they look as a mother. They want to be seen as the perfect mother with the smartest and most talented children. Aside from those ideas of the pursuit of happiness, people from different countries have the most legitimate idea of the American dream. The idea of the pursuit of happiness is an altered dream for those of different ethnicities and those who are born in America. Michael Schudson states that, â€Å"[i]mmigrants have an American dream knowing hardly anything of the US—except that they will find opportunity there, abundance and a chance to share in it† (1). They view the American dream as an opportunity to enhance their style of living, become a free independent person, and have equal opportunities. It allows them the opportunity to achieve more prosperity than they could in their countries of origin. Whereas, those who are born in America have a completely different understanding of what the American dream is. This dream to American society is making money so we can buy things that we think will make us happy. A clear example of this difference in comprehension of the American dream is provided by Raymund A. Paredes. He explains that, â€Å"Mexico has always been a poor and underdeveloped land where the evolution of a national myth of abundance and well-being would be unthinkable. On both sides of the border, writers of Mexican blood have dreamed not of wealth but only of relief from relentless poverty† (Paredes 71). To him and people of his culture, the true America dream is not in being able to buy unnecessary gadgets, but what really brings them happiness is to simply live a more comfortable and worry-free life. Parents are teaching their children a false sense of happiness by telling them they need money so they can have whatever they want in life. Many parents view America as the opportunity for their children to group up with an education and career opportunities. They will dedicate their lives to make sure their children will have a better childhood than they did themselves. In most cases they will also push their children to go to college so their children will be successful and have the money to buy the luxury items they are unable to afford. Education, for the most part, determines a persons job opportunities and level of income. It has become an understanding that without an education the idea of the American Dream seems to be out of reach. Education has become one of the central institutions in making the American Dream a reality. In the essay â€Å"What is Happiness? † a valid point is proven when the author John Ciardi explains that â€Å"We are taught that to possess is to be happy, and then we are made to want† (Ciardi 293). The true meaning of being successful is to be able to support a family and not worry about making ends meet with the next pay check. This is a noble goal indeed, but the fact of the matter is that, subconsciously or not, people want money to buy whatever they want which they believe will bring them happiness. The sole reason for most people to get a college education is to make a lot of money when they achieve their degree in a desired discipline. Is happiness really the result of having a lot of money? Ultimately, the American dream has to be achieved from one’s own personal motivations. Other’s motivations may create a false layer of make-up to another, but in reality no one else’s motivations can take the place of a person’s own. Motivations can be brought upon by a variety of different sources such as parents, background, and the medias influence on American society. For example, â€Å"children of [Korean] immigrants perceive their parents; of what these immigrants do not say [†¦] and of what their children leave out and simply refer to as a ‘typical Korean thing to do’ or a characteristic of ‘typical Korean parents,’ assuming that the knowledge is so common that there is no need to explain it. I came to the conclusion that, in common with American mainstream society and many other immigrant minorities who share the ‘American Dream,’ Korean immigrants consider money and prestige the criteria for success. However, it is when one understands that, for Korean-American immigrant parents, prestige is synonymous with the academic achievement of their children† (Kim 228). As a child of a Korean-American parent I can relate to this passage. Korean parents are known to push their children to do better than the average student which is an example of the â€Å"typical Korean parents. † Korean parents motivate their children to exceed excellence because of the opportunity they were unable to receive as children in Korea. With the unlimited opportunities available in America, Korean parents feel as though their children will be much happier by making more money than they know what to do with. The idea of how money and prestige is the main criteria for success applies to both main stream American society and Korean immigrants. This idea, for Korean immigrants, is enforced by their parents whereas for main stream American society is influenced by the media. The media has a huge influence on the way society views the American dream. Advertising is everywhere, and at home it’s only an arm’s reach away with the remote for the television, mouse to the internet, and magazines. How did obtaining luxury items become the American dream? Why does society feel so compelled to pursue it? Advertising has a very powerful way of persuading the public; so powerful that the American public has been convinced by advertising to desire these luxury items. Advertising persuades society so significantly to the point that it can alter our perception of what is truly important in life. It Alters our minds to the point that they feel that the American dream is no longer a luxury, but a necessity. For example, society buys luxury items because they feel as though they need nice things to make them happy. Through advertising, the media influences society so effectively that we no longer view the American dream as something to achieve but something we can buy. We continually see pictures of homes, cars, families, and luxury items everywhere on T. V, magazines, and billboards. It is impossible to escape these advertisements in America and these ads make sure of that. The more society is bombarded with these advertisements, the more they are persuaded toward obtaining materialistic things which they believe will bring them happiness. Money is needed to have these luxury items, but does more money bring us more happiness? Today everyone has a goal to become more successful than they already are. We feel as though with more money so we can buy luxury items that we can use for our enjoyment, thus making us happier. Although we feel as though money will bring us happiness, research has been done to disprove this idea. Nickerson, Schwarz, Diener, and Kahneman argue that, â€Å"The present longitudinal study examining the relation between the goal for financial success, attainment of that goal, and satisfaction with various life domains found that the negative impact of the goal for financial success on overall life satisfaction diminished as household income increased† (531). The goal for success has increased and most people would agree that a little more money would make them a little happier. The fact of the matter is that, since around the 1950’s the average American’s income has more than doubled and with double the income comes twice as many cars and accessories that not everyone used to have in the 1950’s, such as, dishwashers, clothes dryers, and air conditioning (Myers). Today, according to statistics, we have a little more money then we used to but are we happy? â€Å"Since 1957, the number of Americans who say they are ‘very happy’ has declined from 35 to 32 percent. Meanwhile, the divorce rate has doubled, the teen suicide rate has nearly tripled, the violent crime rate has nearly quadrupled (even after the recent decline), and more people than ever (especially teens and young adults) are depressed† (Myers). The American dream has changed over the years and statistics show that money is not the answer to our happiness. The answer is simplicity in life and family. The American dream is completely different now than it was over 50 years ago. Now, materialistic things are constantly being shoved in our face through the media, so we feel as though we need them in order to be happy. Over 50 years ago if a family had food on the table, a roof over their heads, and a car they were happy and thought to be living the American dream. As the years passed the American dream has become less meaningful. In the poem â€Å"Richard Cory,† Edwin A. Robinson tells a story of a man who had everything he could possibly want in the world. â€Å"And he was rich-yes, richer than a kind- [†¦] and Richard Cory, on calm summer night went home and put a bullet through his head. † This is a perfect example of how riches don’t bring people true happiness. Today people are only interested in how many possessions they obtain. In reality these possessions only bring us temporary satisfaction. Once the new version of a certain gadget or car comes out we instantly want it, and we are no longer happy with what we have. It seems as though no one is happy with what they have and once they fulfill one desire they create ten more desires. The American dream today is wasteful and the meaning has been altered into false image of happiness. The American dream is no longer a family fulfilling goal in most cases. For Mexican immigrants it is an escape from poverty, but the majority of us have been lead astray from the pursuit of happiness. Whether we are a child, adult, senior, male, or female, many Americans have a false understanding of how to pursue true happiness. Happiness doesn’t come from more money or more materialistic possessions. These possessions may only give use temporary satisfaction, but when a new gadget comes out we are no longer happy because the item we obtain is out of date. Through advertising, the media will keep creating more luxury items so society will continuously feel as if they need the newest thing. This only leads to unhappiness and our self-centered nation needs a reality check to understand what is truly important in life; simplicity and family. Work Cited Ciardi, John. â€Å"What is Happiness? † Wryick and Slaughter 291-293. Kim, Eun-Young. Career Choice Among Second-Generation Korean-Americans: Reflections of a Cultural Model of Success. Anthropology Education Quarterly 24. 3 (1993): 224-248. JSTOR. CSUS Library, Sacramento. 14 Apr. 2008. Keyword: American Dream. Myers, David G. Wealth, Well-Being, and the New American Dream. New American Dream. 2000. Yale University Press. 14 Apr. 2008 . Nickerson, Carol, Norbert Schwarz, Ed Diener, and Daniel Kahneman. Zeroing in on the Dark Side of the American Dream: a Closer Look At the Negative Consequences of the Goal for Financial Success. Psychological Science 14. 6 (2003): 531-536. 13 Apr. 2008 . Paredes, Raymund A. Mexican American Authors and the American Dream. Melus 8. 4 (1981): 71-80. JSTOR. CSUS Library, Sacramento. 14 Apr. 2008. Keyword: American Dream. Robinson, Edwin A. â€Å"Richard Cory. † Wyrick and Slaughter 385-386. Schudson, Michael. American Dreams. American Literary History 12 (2004): 1-2. Project Muse. CSUS Library, Sacramento. 13 Apr. 2008. Keyword: American Dream. Wyrick, Jean, and Slaughter, Beverly J. , 3rd ed. The Rinehart Reader. Boston: Thomson Learning, 1999

Minorities In The Military Essay -- essays research papers

In the year 1965, the United States sent troops to Vietnam to aid the South Vietnamese against the communist Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese. As the fighting increased, the United States was in need of more troops in order to support its commitment to South Vietnam. Therefore, thousands of Selective Service registers were called and drafted. The United States also asked its closes ally the Philippines to help send troops to South Vietnam and in addition this, the United states requested for an increase of recruitment for the United States Navy in the region. Thus, the U.S. enlisted thousands of Philippine natives, including myself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My involvement started in July of 1968, when I was flown to the United States beginning my military training in San Diego. Recalling the eight weeks of hard, intensive training, I still considered myself fortunate to be enlisted in the United States Navy. Although, when I did graduate boot camp, I cherished the prize of rest and recreation for 72 hours. My short-lived vacation began with a group of my fellow Filipino recruits. We decided to catch a bus to downtown San Diego. As we boarded the bus, I stopped in confusion when I noticed a sign with â€Å"Black† written at the back section of the bus. Looking for the driver for direction, I was informed by the driver that was no longer enforced. Even with him saying this, I still sat in the middle row since my skin color fell in between black and white. As we arrived downtown, I experience culture shock. The town was colorful and filled with live entertainment. Although, I did want to spend more time exploring the place, my vacation time was up and I had to go back to the base. As our company gathered for the last day, we waited for our next order of job training. I was wondering why Filipino recruits and few African American were separated. Having the same order to attend SD â€Å"A† school (Steward), we are not aware that our General Classification Test was high enough to be qualified in other ratings. This discrimination was puzzling to me since, the Americans I knew back in the Philippines were good people and America itself is known to be the land of opportunity. Despite this slight discrimination, I had accepted my rate and still considered American as good people of good will. My very first day in steward school was a terrible and memorable one. I wa... ...aturalization Service office told me that I was not qualified for naturalization since my 6 years time in the military was a broken residency. The time, I had accumulated in the service was least than five years in Continental United States. Although I spent six years in the U S Navy, the three six-month tours in Vietnam did not count toward the requirement for naturalization. I signed up again for four year, and waited my time to sworn in for naturalization. I was now an official U.S. citizen gaining all the rights of one. Therefore, I expected my treatment to be equal to those Caucasian decent. As I look back, I still wonder the Navy allowed certain races to be assigned as stewards. Through thinking the Political science class of Professor Robert Bacon, I realized the mistake of our forefathers in writing the constitution in allowing slavery practice. Applying this to the Navy, I also realize how it was allowed that certain races were assigned to be a steward. In conclusion, I am grateful for the individual rights ruling of chief Justice Earl Warren. Through this ruling, many benefited from it especially minorities, as myself, in the United States.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Leadership Styles Essay

MOTIVATION Giving the input on leadership styles and influence process, we should presume the aim is to understand and improve the style of functioning as a leader. To start with, there must have clear idea as to what is meant by leadership. Leadership is the activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group objectives. This process is a function of the leader, the followers and the situation. In any situation trying to influence the behaviour of another individual or group, leadership is operating. Thus one tries leadership at one time or the other, whether activities are centred around a business, educational institution, hospital, political organization, Government organization or a family. As part of this process, one who attempts to influence the behaviour of others becomes a potential leader and the persons he is attempting to influence are the potential followers. This may happen irrespective of the fact that the leader may be their boss or a colleague (associate) or a subordinate or a friend or a relative. In other words through a style of. functioning he influences attitudes and expectations, which in turn encourage or discourage the follower’s activity or achievement, enhance or diminish the follower’s commitment to the work, etc. In our day-to-day life, we come across instances of how people are influenced by the activities or word of a person who is trying to lead them. We always make judgments about the leaders of our own office. In our mind, we make a difference between a good leader and a bad one, by judging his style or way of functioning and his influence on others. Hence, in understanding the phenomenon of leadership, priority must first understand the various styles of the leaders. [4] LEADERSHIP STYLES The word style is the way in which the leader influences followers. Person and environment function in conjunction with the behaviour itself and reciprocally interact to determine behaviour. A person, through his actions, produces the environmental conditions that affect his behaviour in a reciprocal fashion. The experience generated by behaviour also partly determines what a person becomes and can do. This in turn affects his subsequent behaviour. The theory is called social learning theory because, individuals learn in an environment in the process of interacting with each other which is a social process. The application of this theory in understanding the behaviour of a leader and the continuous reciprocal interaction between the   person (leader’s cognitions) and environment (including subordinates and their needs, experiences, objectives in the organization. abilities, skills, energy performance, etc. known as contingencies that regulate their behaviour).The three aspects of this theory of leadership assume that the leader knows how his behaviour is controlled by various needs, situations and experiences that he undergoes. The leader works with the subordinates to discover what those needs situations and experience. The leader and the subordinates jointly attempt to discover ways in which they can manage their individual behaviour to produce mutually satisfying as well as organisationally productive outcomes. In this approach, the leader and the subordinates have a negotiable and interactive relationship. They are continuously aware of how they can modify or influence each other’s behaviour by giving the rewards or holding back the performance respectively. [4,5,6] TYPES OF LEADER AND POWER CONCEPT Formal Leader A formal leader is selected by the organization. For example, a manager is a formal leader by virtue of the authority coming from the organization. He influences others to help accomplish the goals of the organization or unit. Such a leadership lasts over a long period of time Informal Leader An informal leader is chosen by the group. Thus, all managers are leaders if their authority is accepted, but not all leaders are managers. Informal leadership is leadership without position and may shift from one person to another. It may last for a brief time. Most people are leaders at one time or the other and they can have influence on others as defined by the concept of leadership. The ideal leader is the one who can combine the formals and informal leadership simultaneously within himself. SUCCESSFUL VERSUS EFFECTIVE LEADER As we have seen in the preceding discussions, leadership is the activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group objectives; it is the ability to persuade others to get something done. So the leader attempts to have some effect on the behaviour of another, which we call attempted leadership. The response to this attempt may or may not be successful. A basic responsibility of managers in any work organization is to get the work done with and through people. The success of managers is measured by the output or productivity of the group they lead. [8,10] LEADER BEHAVIOUR IN GROUPS The main aim apparently is to understand why individuals form groups. The solution lies in tracking the solution ideas: How old were you when you first joined a group? How many different groups do you belong to? How would you identify a group leader? Does your behaviour change when you are with different groups? Have you ever led a group? In what sense were you the leader? What were the results? If our own the questions should be answered, which leads to the understanding of group. Behaviour and the properties of groups are essential to being both a good manager and an effective member of groups. A manager spends half of his time in some formal or informal meetings, where a group of people get together to solve problems or make plans. So the manager himself acts as a member of a group with other managers or colleagues. Groups have a powerful effect on human behaviour. Any increase in output of those workers was because of the importance and attention given to the group of workers by their colleagues as well as their own interactions with each other about the quality and quantity of output they were supposed to produce. People are motivated to act in a certain way in a given situation and one should change the situation in order to make the people act the way one wants them to. There are also many examples where the manager decides to take a decision on his own or to rely on groups by holding meetings or making committees. In Management, small groups with which he interacts are very important for a manager. It may consist of his peers or colleagues, other managers, specialists or others who really help the manager to take an effective decision. There are instances of well knit and cohesive groups, which really make a superior performance under a good leader. For all these purposes gaining understanding of how to manage a group and how to become a more effective group member. In order to develop the above two objectives, point noted is that a group is part of a larger organization with which it interacts. [1,4] LEADERSHIP AND INFLUENCE PROCESS Authority is the right to command and extract obedience from others. It comes from organization and it allows the leader to use power. Power is the ability to exercise influence or control over others. In the functioning of a leader the ability to guide the action of others is achieved through his authority. Carrying out of these decisions is accomplished because of the power of the leader. The relationship between the authority and power of a leader as we go further to understand various types of power GROUP DYNAMICS Group Dynamics is concerned with the interactions and forces among group members in a social situation. In the path on management functions, it is important to understand dynamics of members of formal or informal groups in the organization. Group Dynamics is the interaction of forces among group members in a social situation. Authoritarian, Democratic and Laissez-faire, is having three different social situations for the three styles of leadership. In course of time various meanings were attached to the term ‘group dynamics’ One of the meanings suggest how a group should be organized and conducted. In democratic leadership, member participation and overall cooperation are emphasized. Another meaning of Group Dynamics is that it is set of techniques. In various group exercises it tries to make the leader as well as the member effective. An attempt made to make the above members play their roles in a management situation of group discussions, team building, finding out various solutions to problems by brainstorming and understanding ourselves in relation to others while we transact or interact with others. Such exercises are also provided in situations where only members are present and no leader exists to direct or control the group. All these exercises are techniques to develop both the individual as well as the organization in which he or she works. The meaning of the term Group Dynamic suggest internal nature of the groups as to how they are formed, what their structures and processes are and how they function. [7,8] COMPOSITION OF A GROUP In most organizations getting the work done requires group efforts. Thus, a manager must know how to manage individual by knowing the individual dynamics, such as his values. Personality, perceptions and attitudes. A manager must know how to manage a group by understanding Group Dynamics Each group has a common objective, but the members who belong to it may have other personal objectives. For example, a life insurance agent may like to become a member of a parent-teacher association of a school to help promote the development process of its students. But belonging to that association will also help him to increase his or her contact to ensure more and more people, so he gets more commission for as many members as he can sell the insurance to. What is most important in the content of the definition of a group is to be aware of each other in a group. This awareness is seldom there, when we look at an aggregation of people. They are mere collections, different from what we call a group, where members see themselves as belonging to a group in order to interact and achieve the common objectives of the group. Moreover, such kind of interaction may be over a long or a short period of time. [9,10] TYPES OF POWER Legitimate Power This power comes to the leader when the organisation’s authority is accepted. It comes from the rules of the organization. For example, parents, teachers, managers. police, etc. have legitimate power only when their authority is accepted in the positions they hold. Expert Power This is the power of knowledge and skill of special kind that are important in getting the job done. A person’s professional competence or knowledge gives him the expert power. His credibility increases. He can lead other persons to trust his judgments and decisions, as an expert like a physicist or a lawyer or a chemist or a computer programmer or a purchasing agent or a financial analyst. A leader himself may not be an expert in all fields, but he can certainly take the help of experts in particular fields. Charismatic Power This is the power of attraction or devotion, the desire of one person to admire another. A subordinate feels a positive attraction towards a leader by identifying himself with the leader, or gets influenced by the leader’s attractive power. This power helps the subordinate to understand and value the leader so much that he understands and acts according to the expectations of the boss or the leader. It helps him to act as his own boss, and behave in ways he thinks the boss will want. [15] Reward Power This power is the present or potential ability to reward for worthy behaviour. The superior or the leader has the power to give tangible rewards such as promotion, office space, time off from work, attractive work assignments and help to the subordinate. Also psychological rewards like praise, appreciation, approval and recognition can be given by the leader or the superior to the subordinate. The subordinate has to believe that he has access to higher authorities, therefore he can give rewards. This reward power of the leader can also increase the leader’s charismatic and legitimate power. Coercive Power This is the ability to threaten or punish. The leader can give tangible punishments like dismissal, demotion, low rating. less satisfying work assignments, etc. Psychological punishments include criticism, avoidance, disapproval, satirical remarks on the subordinate. The reward power helps to avoid something undesirable. Self-esteem of the subordinate increases because of reward power and decreases because of punishment or coercive power. Even a subordinate may withdraw or break the rules or become hostile. He may not feel attracted towards the charismatic power of the leader and at times may ignore the leader’s legitimate power. Having seen the reasons for differences between the authority and power of the leader, you should know the type of leaders as understood on the basis of their authority and power. [11,12] COLLECTIVE ACTION Interpersonal competence refers to the degree to which we are accurately aware of our impact on others and of the impact of others on us. It is the ability to engage in an mutually helpful relationships. It enables us to achieve your personal goals as well as task goals in the organizations where you we are a member. What are the effects of our interpersonal competence on our managerial behaviour? Interpersonally incompetent managers create an organizational environment in which members act very defensively to protect their own interests. Since everybody acts defensively in the organization. where roles and relationships are basically interdependent, neither the personal goals of the members, nor the task goals can be fully realized. Problems are not confronted and are kept hidden from each other for fear that exploring the problems will only aggravate the situation. In course of time, issues which were avoided and swept under the rug assume gigantic proportions and overwhelm the members. On the other hand, interpersonally competent managers allow their subordinates to challenge their views and to question the organisation’s norms, policies, rules and objectives. When these kinds of behaviour are tolerated, people are likely to discover problems and commit themselves to their solutions. Organizational effectiveness increases. Besides these three types of roles, that may have to interact with a lot of other people from different positions: consumers, suppliers, people from regulatory agencies, general public. etc. Interactions with different interest-groups demand different types of specific skills and competencies. Possession and understanding of these skills may not guarantee successful human relations, but it can increase your interpersonal sensitivity and help you take appropriate action to improve relationships. [13,14]             References Rao, T.V., â€Å"HRD in the New Economic Environment,† Tata McGraw-Hill Book Company, New Delhi,1994 Drucker, P.F. (1974). â€Å"Management Task Responsibilities and Practices†, Harper & Row, New York. Murtin, CC., 2004., Project Management — How to Make It Work, AmaCom, N.Y. Neale RH, 1984., Managing Projects , Geneva Nicholas, J.M., 1990., Managing Business and Engineering Projects Concepts & Implementation, Prentice Hall. N.J. Kharbanda. & Staliworking, EA, 1996.,Successful Projects With a Moral For Managemetn, Gower, England. Hitt, Michael A, (2001), Strategic Management: Competitiveness and globalization, 4th, Thomson Learning. Srivastava, R.M. (1999). Strategic Planning: Formulation Of Corporate Strategy (Texts and Cases) 1st ed., Macmillan Limited. Hamel,G, Collaborate with your Competitors and Win, Harvard Business review,67,1,1989,133-9. Laxmi Narian, Managerial Competition and Motivation in Public Enterprises, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi,1997 Ulrich, D. â€Å"Human Resource Champions†, Harvard Business School Press,2001 Kaplan, R., â€Å"Balance Score Card†, Harvard Business review,2003 Pareek, V., Designing and Managing Human Resource Systems, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi. Pereira D.F., Recent Experiences in Human Resource Development, Oxford& IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi Goldstein, I.L, Training in Organizations: Needs Assessment Development and Evaluation, Wordsworth,2002